A consistent understanding of policy and practice across staff. Alignment includes both vertical alignment, or uniformity between levels of the organizational hierarchy, and horizontal alignment, or standardization across geographic and functional areas

A type of asset (e.g. pavement, bridge, sign, signal, etc.).

The management stages of an asset including planning, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction or replacement.

The ability of the asset to fulfill its intended function. While condition is sometimes used as a proxy for performance (e.g. pavements), for other roadway assets such as lighting, safety equipment and bridges, performance may not be adequately evaluated using condition alone. An asset’s service requirement often helps select performance criteria for performance management, forecasting and measurement.

Practices and tools that enable access to and analysis of information to improve and optimize decisions and performance.

The structure that characterizes an organization and creates the potential to derive value, driven by clear goals and substantive continuous improvement strategies.

Activities that create, expand, improve, renew, or extend the service life of transportation infrastructure. Common types capital investments include acquisition, new construction, enhancement, expansion, modernization, rehabilitation, and reconstruction.

A comprehensive approach to change at an organizational level, seeking to address institutional and cultural barriers by anticipating the reception to change, and motivating staff members to embrace progress.

A maintenance approach in which maintenance activities are scheduled based on regularly-monitored performance. Typically, used on assets with long asset life cycles, and can sometimes lead to “asset preservation” interventions.